Improvement in Operational Efficiency Due free essay sample

IT Investments handle chain joining; and euro transformation. Numerous IT tourist spots have been accomplished during this period: in excess of 4 billion Web pages on the Internet; production of programming to battle digital worms, infections, and fighting; a large number of appropriated databases; and boundless use of information distribution centers and information digging for choice emotionally supportive networks. To help these IT activities and to accomplish these tourist spots, IT spending plans of most organizations during this decade Copyright  © 2006, Idea Group Inc. Replicating or conveying in print or electronic structures without composed consent of Idea Group Inc. is restricted. Data Resources Management Journal, 19(2), 18-36, April-June 2006 19 expanded considerably (Seewald, 2002). There is, be that as it may, a developing analysis of heightening IT speculations (Mears Dubie, 2002) and their absence of legitimization (Krochmel, 1999). ERP frameworks are programming frameworks to help and to mechanize the business forms, giving ideal and precise venture wide data for dynamic. ERP frameworks have a long history of advancement. The creation booking, material requesting, and item shipment frameworks advanced from manual reorder guide frameworks for material acquirement toward mechanized Materials Requirement Planning (MRP) to Manufacturing Resource Planning (MRP-II) frameworks that incorporated MRP and limit necessities intending to Manufacturing Execution Systems (MES) that further coordinated MRP-II and shop floor and gadget control frameworks, lastly to ERP frameworks. We will compose a custom exposition test on Improvement in Operational Efficiency Due or then again any comparative point explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page A great part of the smoothing out of materials acquisition process was accomplished by MRP and MRP-II. By the late 1980s, a huge number of firms were utilizing MRP-II frameworks (Rondeau Litteral, 2001). The SAP R/3 modules and submodules comprising of deals and conveyance, materials the board, distribution center administration, quality administration, creation getting ready for process businesses, budgetary bookkeeping, controlling, venture framework, and office correspondence were required to diminish inventories, improve money the executives, and chop down working costs. Kalling (2003) as of late gave a hypothetical structure wherein asset based perspectives (RBV) are progressed to see how ERP can give economical upper hand. The RBV isn't all around acknowledged as a last clarification of upper hand. Some accept that dynamic abilities, not assets, are the wellspring of upper hand. It is conceivable that ERP gives both remarkable assets just as powerful capacities as improved data and dynamic to improve upper hand. Venture Resource Planning (ERP) Systems To abstain from battling with incorporating bunch IT applications, numerous organizations executed ERP frameworks that necessary generous speculation of time, inside assets, and capital, bringing about noteworthy hierarchical change (Dorien Wolf, 2002). Frequently, ERP framework execution is joined by different upgrades and improvements in existing inheritance frameworks. Because of numerous synchronous changes that go with ERP framework usage, it is difficult to quality any presentation changes after ERP framework establishment exclusively to ERP frameworks. In any case, ERP framework execution is, by a long shot, the most censured part of IT ventures. ERP frameworks require expenses running from two or three million dollars to a few hundred million dollars (Mabert et al. , 2001). In spite of high uses, ERP usage have brought about issues. Surged programming establishments and deficient preparing are accused for all around pitched issues with ERP. In 1999, not long after the rollout of its ERP framework, Hershey Food Corp. , in the second from last quarter of that year, lost $60. 4 million because of issues in client care, warehousing, request preparing, and convenient shipments to retailers. ERP execution issues of Whirlpool Corporation and W. L. Butchery Associates Inc. additionally have gotten significant consideration (Collett, 1999). The chapter 11 of FoxMeyer (a medication dissemination organization) in 1996 is legitimately credited by numerous individuals to imperfect usage of ERP frameworks. www. igi-worldwide. com/article/improvement-operational-effectiveness due-erp/1289 www. igi-worldwide. com/part/coach/13373 www. igi-worldwide. com/part/object-database-benchmarks/14575

Intergroup communication final paper Term Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Intergroup correspondence last - Term Paper Example Besides, more ladies are working outside the home, or while in the home, including low-salary moms (Gassman-Pines, 2011). Around 29% of working moms were utilized in occupations with non-standard timetables (versus standard calendars of fixed daytime hours from Monday to Friday) in 2004 (Gassman-Pines, 2011). In creating nations, working moms show an expanding pattern, with some working for the most part because of financial needs, while others, particularly the informed ones, decide to work to achieve individual satisfaction from their work-life characters and to seek after further training and upward profession/business objectives (Jabbar, 2014; Parã © and Dillaway, 2005). Moreover, having the choice to work, rather than remaining at home, is a sign of the cutting edge age, especially, in accordance with women's activist and sexual orientation correspondence developments (Parã © and Dillaway, 2005). Working ladies create political force when they increment their commitment to dynamic at home, and when they ascend in their associations as top directors (Ruderman, Ohlott, Panzer, and King, 2002). Moreover, they additionally improve social and social force, as they increase social endorsement for being free people who ought to have the option to work without being decided as dismissing their customary sexual orientation jobs and obligations (Jabbar, 2014). By and by, working moms keep on confronting work-life gives that effect professional success (King, Botsford, and Huffman, 2009). As such, not getting enough social help and absence of equalization in family and work life can wreck ladies from achieving highest administration positions and accomplishin g a decent family labor of love balance (King et al., 2009). A few examinations explored the impacts of work outside the home on working moms and their youngsters and discovered blended outcomes. From one viewpoint, Jabbar’s (2014) interviews with Jordanian moms and instructors and house cleaners from different nations uncovered that working moms and educators didn't concur that having

The Incest of the prime minister in China Essay Example for Free

The Incest of the leader in China Essay Cecilia Leung, 30, the legal counselor who has won the case about The Incest of the head administrator in China. She lives in Hong Kong with her better half, Jerry, who is a police officer and their four-year old child Brandon. I dont like mornings ; I believe that I even despise them, so I have to wake up by Jerry each and every morning else, I will rest late until 1 oclock. When I felt that I got the chance to wake up, I will go to the washroom, turn on the TV inside it and have a pleasant shower. I as a rule remain in the can until the morning news has wrapped up. At that point I will go to arranged breakfast, I believe that it is critical to have a decent breakfast as it is the beginning of the day so I generally attempt to put forth a valiant effort. Be that as it may, my best don't fulfilled my family as more often than not; Jerry will simply have toast or milk while Brandon will request McDonald in the event that they realize that I have cook breakfast for them. So more often than not, I will simply avoid the kitchen. Furthermore, leave it for my servant to do it. I normally wake Brandon up when breakfast is prepared. I find that being a mum isn't a simple activity particularly when Brandon is around two months old, he cry the entire day and night, I cannot envision what I would do if my mum didn't enable me to take care of Brandon for the initial multi year after he is conceived, as Jerry and me have never take care of a child that. Fortunately, as time go on, things are showing signs of improvement. Presently I and jerry both appreciate watching our child growing up. After breakfast, I as a rule plunk down on the table, arranging what to accomplish for the entire day. From that point onward, it is the ideal opportunity for Jerry to go to work. Me and Brandon will stroll to the vehicle leave with Jerry, stroll back to our home when he has left. I at that point leave Brandon with my servant, instructing her for the remainder of the day while I am working and set off to work. My activity resembles a relentless clock as I am occupied constantly. I am working in a major office with 40 individuals in it. I appreciate being a legal counselor as I imagine that it is a disgrace to see individuals going into prison in the event that they havent do things off-base as it might basically be only a misstep and my activity can assist with arranging these senseless mix-ups. That is the reason I love this activity as it resembles a test each time when I get another case and my focus on the test each time is to win. In any case, I discover things dont consistently occur as what I wish as I have seen such a large number of customer who havent did anything incorrectly yet at the same time end up in the prison or even passing which cause me to get truly crossed however I generally attempt to put forth a valiant effort to support them and get some answers concerning reality. Talk which is made by the magazine is something that truly causes me to jump on my nerve. Since I got well known with the interbreeding case, I begin to show up in the magazine! I get extremely upbeat when I originally realized that I was on a magazine article. When I read it, I shouted! They said I would not carry out specific responsibilities since they didnt pay me enough cash. In spite of the fact that the facts confirm that I won't do a couple of employments yet it is on the grounds that those customers who I would not work for have all submit that they had accomplished something incorrectly yet they simply need to utilize cash to make them escape from the discipline. I find that totally absurd so I rejected the activity. The creative mind of the writer is acceptable to such an extent that they can make those interesting stories. So how would I adapt to my pressure? At the point when I feel extremely unpleasant from my work I play with Brandon when I get back home or do Tai Ji. Through the development, it causes me to loosen up my pressure. Before I do this, one thing I should do is to check if the overhang entryway is lock appropriately in any case Brandon will come and go along with me and I will always be unable to proceed. Jerry is commonly back to home by 8 then we will head to my parent house to have dinner or here and there I will be enticed to cook for them yet Jerry will for the most part prevent calamity from occurring. I appreciate being with my family as it causes me to feel great when I am with them as I am an individual who accept that family is the most significant part for my life I begin to put Brandon into bed at around 10 oclock; I generally read stories to him to assist him with resting. At that point it is the ideal opportunity for me and Jerry, we sit in the gallery, appreciate the view from the window and discussion about our day or once in a while we will sit in front of the TV together. Before I rest, I attempt to polish off accomplishing my work then I have my eight hour rest which is the best piece of my day.

Media analysis Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Media investigation - Research Paper Example The development in global the travel industry and travel has prompted the dependence on food experience as a method of showcasing goals. This expands gastronomy over all financial social orders. As of late, gastronomy has changed a great deal particularly with the impacts of media into the promoting techniques. There exist a great deal of media frames through which data about food can be passed (Radin, 2006). Various kinds of food and refreshment items have been publicized utilizing different types of media. Cutting edge advertising procedures target explicit gatherings of individuals, and there is a need to recognize the best channels to arrive at the objective market. In Sydney, there are numerous food outlets offering distinctive cooking. These food outlets extend from quick nourishments to eateries selling suppers containing a few courses. These foundations contrast in the manner they pick their business sectors. The showcasing techniques, be that as it may, appear the equivalent . They utilize similar media way to deal with arrive at their objectives in various manners. McDonalds can be recognized as one of the main lodging networks inside Australia. They will in general use publicizing through TV more than different outlets like doughnut ruler. Inside the Richmond neighborhood of Sydney, these two chains each have an outlet. They will in general seek similar customers who devour inexpensive food (McGrath and Anderson 1986). Their objective market contains for the most part young city inhabitants. This customer target doesn't have the opportunity to get ready dinners in their homes. This explanation causes the two outlets to distinguish t is bunch as their objective market. The associations have each had the option to cut a specialty for itself inside a similar market (McIntosh et al, 1995). McDonalds represents considerable authority in American cooking styles while doughnut lord doesn't have a food forte. Thought they don’t manage similar items, th ey manage comparative ones. It would be hard for doughnut ruler to begin offering American food to eclipse McDonalds. The two foundations have been utilizing TV a ton to promote their items. They have additionally set up announcements in certain key situations to help in promoting. McDonald runs uncommon adverts planned for making mindfulness on the significance of having a nibble in the middle of dinners. This targets causing similar people to understand that the tidbit being suggested can be gained at their out let without any problem. Then again, doughnut lord utilizes similar media to advance the new items which they have (Warde 2009). The notices run by McDonalds can be named informatory. The eatery as of now has a universal acknowledgment. It comes up short on the purpose behind taking part in item acclimation commercial. Being a global brand, the McDonalds outlet in Richmond, needs to let its quality felt. The utilization of TV has been best for these two foundations. The obj ective market of youth invests a ton of their energy stuck to TVs. Promoting on TV guarantees that the focused on customer gets the data rapidly and effectively (Chen, 2004). These notices ordinarily run on the link organizes because of the prevalence of these systems with the adolescent. The utilization of TV guarantees data arrives at the most noteworthy number of individuals in the briefest time conceivable. Most foundations put a great deal of accentuation on promoting as a method of advertising their items. In spite of the fact that basic in the advancement of an item, publicizing ought not be the main method of showcasing (Michael and George 2004). Presentation of novel items

How to Write a Coherent Essay

How to Write a Coherent EssayIf you want to know how to write a convincing essay, here are some basic guidelines that you must follow. In this article, I will discuss a few simple tips that will help you write a convincing essay on your college essay.The first tip is to be prepared before you start writing. You may have to read a few essays that others have written before you start writing your own essay. This can be very helpful, because it helps you to get ideas on how to write a convincing essay and how to present your own views clearly.You may also want to practice persuasive essays with other people. You can do this by reading other people's essays and responding in a polite manner to their arguments. It will help you get an idea on how to react to certain situations, and also you will learn to present your views in the best possible way. This will help you write a convincing essay.Another simple tip to help you with your essay is to choose the topic of your essay wisely. There are several subjects that will be suitable for you, like Politics, Philosophy, and Literature. You may want to see what topics people have considered before, and see if they would be suitable for your topic.There are some people who like to write a paper about their favourite subject, and so they tend to choose their subject matter based on their likes and dislikes. You can use this method to find out the subject matter that is going to be suitable for you.As you start writing your essay, don't forget to practice your writing skills. By practicing your writing skills, you will improve your chances of being able to write a convincing essay. You need to practice different techniques and skills on a regular basis, so that you do not get too lazy and get frustrated with writing.Remember that a persuasive essay is written to grab the attention of the reader, and impress them. You need to ensure that your essay is well organized, because a poorly organized essay will make it difficult for you to complete the assignment. And you should keep in mind that you cannot go by what you have read online.Lastly, do not underestimate the power of pictures when you are writing a convincing essay. Pictures help you to draw the reader's attention to your argument and help you present your views clearly. Be creative and use whatever pictures you have available to convey your point.

Four skills every college student should pursue

Four skills every college student should pursue A simplistic view of higher education is that people emerge from four years of college with a specific skill related to their primary area of study: Education majors learn how to teach, accounting majors learn how to crunch numbers, allied health majors learn skills particular to the healthcare profession, and so on down line.Yet, no matter your primary field of study, there are certain generalized skills that will serve you well in the modern economy where the average worker will change jobs an astonishing 11 times. Abilities in the areas of written expression, public speaking, foreign language, and quantitative analysis can and should be honed while pursuing a degree in any field. If you emerge from any degree-granting program capable in those four areas, your investment will be rewarded many times over.WritingElect to major in English and only one thing is for certain—youre going to endure at least four years of barbs and jabs from your know-it-all, curmudgeonly Uncle Jerry . At family gatherings, hell interrupt your attempt to relate your love of Chaucer to a group of elderly female relatives whose names you have never been 100% sure of (Agnes? Gertrude? Doris?) with something along the lines of:Q: Whats the difference between an English major and a park bench?A: The park bench can support a family of four†¦hardy har har.Light laughter and stares of pity from the rest of the room follow.What Uncle Jerry and his peanut gallery dont realize is that becoming a highly literate person actually makes you a very marketable person in the modern economy. Reports, emails, memos, newsletters, press releases, and presentations are just a handful of the ways in which written communication is required on a daily basis in most places of business. Good writing sets a tone for a company, as does bad writing. Poor grammar, misspellings and subpar sentence structure in workplace communication can be the equivalent of showing up for a client meeting sporting a musta rd-stained tie (something Jerry would totally do).Whether or not you major in English, it behooves you to sharpen your writing skills throughout college—chances are youll use them in your future profession. Survey executives from literally any industry and they all say the same thing—quality writing is a necessary skill for most jobs. In fact, within American companies, over two-thirds of salaried employees have some level of writing responsibility. As a result, the vast majority of companies take writing ability into consideration when making hiring and promotion decisions.Many employers bemoan the level of writing ability demonstrated by recent college grads, even those from elite schools. At risk of sounding like the aforementioned Uncle Jerry, in a world filled with daily texts, tweets, and Facebook posts, the average college grads grammar, punctuation, and sentence structure is simply no longer up to the standards of many hiring officials. This, however, is good n ews for all of you strong writers out there, as your skills have never been in greater demand.Public SpeakingWarren Buffett once opined that for those entering the business world, becoming an effective public communicator can boost ones future earnings by an estimated 50%. Unfortunately, this bump in income would be viewed by most people as full-blown hazard pay—public speaking is simply that terrifying an endeavor.Fear of public speaking runs so deep that, in survey after survey, Americans report fearing the act of oratory more than any more traditionally nightmarish situation you can conjure up: heights, plane crashes, sharks, getting stuck in an elevator, getting stuck in an elevator filled with sharks, and most famously—death itself.In trying to avoid public speaking one might first cross off the obvious list of professions requiring the practice: minister, motivational speaker, broadcaster, and actor. Unfortunately, the list doesnt end there: purchasing agents, ma rketers, non-profit fundraisers, sales reps, public relations specialists, teachers, professors, realtors, and corporate trainers all are required to speak to groups, large and small, on a regular basis. In any profession, even ones almost completely devoid of social interaction, most employees will still likely have to go through a harrowing interview process, participate in staff meetings, and discuss ones worth at some type of annual performance review. Public speaking, in one form or another, is pretty darn close to unavoidable.To fully comprehend the value of quality public speaking, reflect on the practitioners of the art that you have witnessed every day for the last 12 or so years—your K-12 teachers. Sadly, a great many of this cohort were probably such poor presenters that they made your brain melt on a daily basis (coincidentally, brain melting is #74 on the list of Americans fears). On the other end, the best teachers you had were able to transcend the monotony of the school day, engaging, enlightening, and inspiring you, while even evoking laughter and tears. Imagine what possessing such a skill set would do for you in your chosen profession.Some colleges and universities require that all graduates take a course in public speaking; most do not. Either way, we recommend that you seek out opportunities to practice this intimidating but extremely worthwhile craft. Taking a public speaking course is a good start but dont stop there—ask around and find out which elective courses require presentations and consider joining a club or activity that requires public speaking. College presents a unique time to work on becoming comfortable presenting yourself and your ideas to others; a skill that will pay off mightily in your career.Foreign LanguageThe Soviet launching of Sputnik in 1957 is widely recognized as the impetus for President Eisenhowers initiative to improve science education in Americas public schools. The strong push for STEM educat ion persists in the modern era, with the revised aim of preparing U.S. youth to compete in the global economy.Lost to history, though, is the fact that Eisenhower also spoke of the equally pressing need to help American pupils become proficient in foreign languages. By the 1960s, over two-thirds of higher education institutions required students to learn a foreign language as part of bachelors degree; today that number has fallen to just 50%.The cold-war may have crumbled with the Berlin Wall, but we now reside in a globalized marketplace where knowledge, trade, and investments know no borders. For anyone entering fields such as business, finance, information technology, software development, government, law enforcement, or healthcare (just to name a handful), fluency in a foreign language has never been more advantageous.The ability to converse with international clients in their native tongue is of great value. Bi-lingual college grads entering the private sector right now can exp ect a 10-15% pay increase right off the bat; those conversant in Mandarin Chinese, German, Japanese, and Arabic may demand even higher compensation. As a secondary bonus, research shows that the process of language acquisition is the mental equivalent of a P90X workout. Bilinguals develop increased grey matter in their brains which leads to heightened creativity, focus, and decision-making ability.While studying language may no longer be required at many colleges and universities, we recommend that you consider completing multiple levels of a foreign language and taking advantage of now-commonplace study abroad programs. Learning a language during your college years will be easier than one day listening to Rosetta Stone tapes in your car as you drive your screaming kids to daycare.Statistical AnalysisNews flash: Quantitative analysis is no longer done exclusively by middle-aged men in pocketed, short-sleeved white dress shirts, robotically inputting punched cards into giant mainfram e computers. In a world with Moneyball, Nate Silver, Freak-o-nomics, and widespread fantasy sports participation, stats have officially entered the mainstream.It goes without saying that individuals majoring in areas such as math, engineering, actuarial science, pre-med, or architecture, will be required to become fluent in the likes of calculus, geometry, and trigonometry. On the other end of the spectrum, many liberal arts majors manage to take just one basic math course in college or even eschew mathematics entirely. Math-phobic individuals tend to cast the quantitative out of their lives forever as soon as they are able; a move that may not prove altogether wise.Some level of data analysis is now a requirement in a surprising number of non-STEM fields including but by no means limited to business, politics, non-profit work, healthcare, and education. Becoming a human calculator is less important in todays workplace than being able to accurately interpret data. Traces of an incre asingly data-driven society are everywhere. Analytics are increasingly being utilized by human resource departments for recruiting, measuring productivity, and workplace planning. Companies like Walmart and Amazon have famously used logistical models to revolutionize retail. Even the formerly quaint world of public education becomes more and more data-reliant each year in this age of accountability.In an effort to cultivate math literacy, we recommend taking at least one statistics course and one economics course (preferably in microeconomics) during your undergraduate years. Possessing some level of ability to analyze data will enhance your employability in just about any field, whether or not you ever choose to don a pocketed, short-sleeved white dress shirt.Next week: So much attention is paid to the process of selecting a college that the selection of a major becomes almost secondary. Well explore how to properly size up the economic implications of selecting an academic area of study.

On Wenlock Edge Poem Analysis - 1324 Words

Evaluate the use of melody, rhythm and texture in creating an effective setting of the poems by A.E Housman in â€Å"On Wenlock Edge† by Vaughan Williams. â€Å"On Wenlock Edge† is a song cycle of six pieces by Vaughan Williams, set to words from A.E Housman’s collection of poems - â€Å"A Shropshire lad†. Having studied music with the likes of Ravel, Williams was very aware of the impressionist movement (particularly in France) that was in full swing at the beginning of the 20th century - he also spent much of his life travelling around England, collection folk songs (particularly those of the Tudor period). These influences are distinctly heard in â€Å"On Wenlock Edge†. Put simply, the poems that make up â€Å"A Shropshire Lad† depict country life, however†¦show more content†¦The melodies in these pieces also have been used to attain a sense of immersion in the English countryside, a place where Williams’ folk songs would have been found. The recitative style melodic line at the beginning of â€Å"Is My Team Ploughing?† contributes to this feeling as it was written in D Dori an mode, a particular scale that is very recognisable from it’s use in traditional folk songs. A famous example of this is Greensleves, a traditional Elizabethan folk song written in Dorian mode, which, like in Williams’ song, has a very distinctive feel to it. In the poem that â€Å"On Wenlock Edge† is set to, Housman presents a landscape that is under torment in a heavy storm, with strong winds. With resources that are not suited to create such an effect (a string quartet, piano and voice), Williams relies on other composition methods to set the text truthfully. At the beginning, the strings and piano play triplets and sextuplets, with the strings using tremolo. The rhythms are often used to present a constant movement, or fluidity in the music, as is used to represent the wind, with the tremolo adding a slightly frantic, unpredictability to it. At the time that the pieces were written, programme music had recently become a popular style of composing, particularly shown by BedÃ…â„¢ich Smetana, whose work ‘Ma Vlast’ was published in 1872. The piece ‘Vltava’ from this describes the journey of the river

Social Cognitive Theory And The Theory Of Control, Job...

Introduction Scholars, researchers, and academics described theory as limited and useless in the field of business (Wacker, 1998); however, virtue of â€Å"good† theory and its applications to research starts with defining theory. This paper will discuss the importance, the definition, the types of theory, comparison/contrast views of theory, and research contributions to theory as it relates to furloughed contractors work locus of control (WLOC), job satisfaction, and performance. This paper will also address a theory that adds to the related research topic and analyze two areas of controversial questions related to the chosen theory. Importance of theory to WLOC, Job Satisfaction, and Performance The concepts of locus of control (LOC) are parallel to work locus of control (WLOC), which is globally applied across situation and life domain (Tong Wang, 2012). LOC is drawn from social cognitive theory, which targets interactions between the individuals’ environment and behaviors (Tong Wang, 2012). Tong and Wang (2012) asserted that internal LOC represent individuals behaviors or personal attributes as reward contingency and external LOC represent individuals’ outcome attributes to extrinsic rewards. Tong and Wang (2012) went so far to point out that on a theoretical-based or measurement purpose, WLOC is a better predicator on work-related situations than the general LOC. WLOC combines work-related constructs such as (a) job satisfaction, (b) organizational commitment,Show MoreRelatedRelational Theory Of Current Interest1385 Words   |  6 PagesA Theory of Current Interest Relational theory of furlough correlates theoretical constructs of WLOC, job satisfaction, and performance as it relates to work productivity for furloughed contractors. 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All rights reserved. 16–4 MAJOR  THEORIES  OF  MOTIVATION Why  is  Motivation  Important? I.  Need  /  Content   Approaches: † Maslow’s  Hierarchy  of  Needs † Alderfer’s ERG  Theory † Herzberg’s  Two  Factor  Theory † McClelland’s  Learned  Needs  Theory II.  Cognitive/  Process  /  Contemporary  Approaches: † Expectancy  Theory † Equity  Theory/  Social  Comparison † Goal  Setting  Theory III.  REINFORCEMENT  THEORY  OR  OPERANT  CONDITIONING  :  Ã‚  How   Rewards  Ã‚  Reinforcements  Sustain  Motivation  Over  TimeRead MoreMotivation And Theory Of Motivation1464 Words   |  6 Pagesmotivation; it is related to the emotions, biology and the social factors that influence behaviour. It is usually a term used to explain why an individual will do something, the reasons behind that action. Moreover, The term motivation refers to factors that activate, direct, and sustain goal-directed behaviour motives are the whys of behaviourâ €™â€™ (Nevid, 2013). 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Various theories and research models will be used to validate or disprove the theory of a happy worker is a productive worker. Ultimately, the employer’s role in building and sustaining a healthy organizational culture will be analyzed and reviewed. The Role Employee Satisfaction in Organizational Effectiveness There has been a great deal of research attempting to link employee’s satisfaction with productivity.Read MoreOrganisational Behaviour1320 Words   |  6 PagesCopyright  © 2005 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved. 16–4 MAJOR  THEORIES  OF  MOTIVATION Why  is  Motivation  Important? I.  Need  /  Content   Approaches: † Maslow’s  Hierarchy  of  Needs † Alderfer’s ERG  Theory † Herzberg’s  Two  Factor  Theory † McClelland’s  Learned  Needs  Theory II.  Cognitive/  Process  /  Contemporary  Approaches: † Expectancy  Theory † Equity  Theory/  Social  Comparison † Goal  Setting  Theory III.  REINFORCEMENT  THEORY  OR  OPERANT  CONDITIONING  :  Ã‚  How   Rewards  Ã‚  Reinforcements  Sustain  Motivation  Over  Time

St. Church Of The Catholic Archdiocese Of Melbourne

St Patricks Cathedral is the mother church of the Catholic Archdiocese of Melbourne. It was named after St Patrick, the patron saint of Ireland. The church was officially opened in 1997, however the first mass took place in February 1858. St Patricks Cathedral was designed by William Wardell, who also designed the Wardell building at Genazzano. St Patrick’s is well-known internationally for its stunning Gothic Architecture and it is one of the greatest buildings erected by the exponents of the Gothic-Revival style. The Cathedral is well known and identified by catholics in Melbourne. Catholics living in Melbourne greatly appreciate the history and significance of St Patricks Cathedral. Whether their child was baptised there or they were†¦show more content†¦Buttresses support the gables, these are topped with carved pinnacles are side parapets.’ (Cam) The original gable was replaced by a carving of the Papal Coat of Arms in 1974. The archway also features angles and shields bearing symbols of the Old and New Testament. The panels on the gates of the grill are the coats of arms and Pope Puis XII and the first three archbishops of Melbourne. Candles are also able to be lit on either side of the main entrance. Jeff Kennett Gargoyle: The Jeff Kennet Gargoyle is above the Eastern Transept. When you look up you will see two strange faces carved in stone! One is a lion, the other is a man. Gargoyles in Gothic Cathedrals were once thought of as protecting the building from evil spirits, they also serve as water spouts. For years Jeff Kennet (a former premier) was rumoured to have been the model for the gargoyle, as the facial features are so similar. Tom Carson (the master stonemason) said, ‘just a whim but in keeping with a centuries-old tradition’. Mr Carson also said that stone makers use lots of people in positions of power as muses for their gargoyles. It took Mr Carson 6 weeks to make the gargoyle. Around the cathedral you will also notice lots of other gargoyles resembling animals or creatures. Memorial Tablets: In the North Transept there are memorial tablets that commemorate the lives of archbishops that are buried within the cathedral grounds. Mosaics: ‘The

Policy Analysis on Juvenile Justice Essay - 745 Words

Policy Analysis on Juvenile Justice Reform CJA/464 September 17, 2013 Raymond Smith Policy Analysis on Juvenile Justice Reform Within this paper the writer will be discuss the public policy on Juvenile Justice Reform. Within the paper the writer will describe the issue, tell if the policy a regulatory or legislative-initiated policy, and who initiated the issue or policy. Also the writer will discuss is there a constitutional issue, and how will the issue or policy affect the community, the accused, and the victims and a conclusion at the end of the paper. Describe the issue: The issue is on how much money it cost to house juvenile compare to housing adults in prison and should 17 years be treated as juvenile or adults.†¦show more content†¦This Special Council duty was to review the juvenile code and to place low to medium-risk youth in secure incarceration facilities, which would save the state money. The state could not see where the money was going to house the juvenile and should 17 years be counted as an adult when breaking the law. The council also suggested that a voluntary funding program be setup to support local facilities. Is there a constitutional issue? There would be a constitutional issue because juvenile have certain constitutional rights at negotiation, such as the right to a lawyer and the right to challenge and interrogate witnesses, but they have no right to a trial by jury. The subject of juvenile’s rights is poorly defined in the courts, somewhat because the public as a whole has not decided how much independence to grant juvenile. When most juvenile’s supporters talk about juvenile’s rights, they are not stating to the same rights detained by adults, such as the rights to vote. Instead, they mean that more importance should be placed on juvenile’s standing as â€Å"regular persons† eligible of benefits under the law as providing in the United States Constitution and its Bill of Rights. How will the issue or policy affect the community, the accused, and the victims? The policy will affect the community by saving tax dollars if they use community based replacements to incarceration the juvenile. The community safety is well-maintained and the juvenile areShow MoreRelatedThe Criminal Justice System Is Complex1201 Words   |  5 PagesOverview: The criminal justice system is complex and in need of several types of reforms, this is especially true in the juvenile justice system. In 2012, there were 1,319,700 arrests of juveniles in the United States (OJJDP) and this includes both violent and non-violent offenses committed by those under the age of 18. Policy reforms can offer alternatives to the incarceration of young offenders, by providing mental health, or addiction rehabs for those that are in need of it rather than lockingRead MoreThe Amendment Protects Peoples Inalienable Rights1197 Words   |  5 PagesAmendments protects peoples inalienable rights. For policy issues to be effective there has to be â€Å"Increased access to information, re sources, and shared responsibility for ensuring public safety† (IACP n.d p.3). Fair sentencing has to be implements differently for juveniles than it is for adults depending on the age of the juvenile when the crime is committed. In the case of Roper v. Simmons, 543 U.S. 551 support the bill in the essence that juveniles are still at the point of figuring out or definingRead MoreH.R.1501 - Violent And Repeat Juvenile Offender Accountability1205 Words   |  5 PagesH.R.1501 - Violent and Repeat Juvenile Offender Accountability and Rehabilitation Act of 1999. H.R. 1809 focuses more on non-violent offenders, H.R. 1501 focuses towards violent and repeat offenders. Legislation Option 1: H.R. 1501 was introduced to the House on 04/21/1999 and passed through both the House and the Senate, the main focus of this Bill was â€Å"to provide quality prevention programs and accountability programs relating to juvenile delinquency† (H.R. 1501). This bill helps to solve someRead MoreAnalysis Of The Cycle Of Juvenile Justice1342 Words   |  6 PagesRunning head: CYCLE JUVENILE JUSTICE​ ​1 Analysis of the Cycle of Juvenile Justice Theory Name School ​​ Professor Class Date Analysis of the Cycle of Juvenile Justice Theory ​In the text, Thomas Bernard examines the cyclical nature of the juvenile justice system (Weisheit Culbertson, 2000, p. 13-31). The author posits that the implementation of juvenile justice is constantly swinging from one extreme to the other based, largely, on the public’s perceptionRead MoreTraum Trauma And Its Effects On Mental Health1141 Words   |  5 PagesTrauma-informed Care Trauma-informed Care involves identifying youth with trauma by assessments and treating trauma through cognitive behavioral treatment models.8 Juvenile prevention and re-injury programs look to routinely screen for trauma exposure, the programs use culturally appropriate evidence-based assessment and treatment for traumatic stress and associated mental health symptoms; and make resources available to children, families, and providers on trauma exposure, its impact, and treatmentRead MoreJuvenile Justice Systems833 Words   |  4 PagesIntroduction Juvenile crime is a term around the world that is difficult to pinpoint and although there are several definitions many fail to be concrete. There are many factors that play into sentencing juveniles or minors upon a crime committed. How old are they? Can they mentally form criminal intent? Are they old enough to no longer be treated as children? Some people would argue that a criminal is just that, regardless of age. Research on the other hand shows that juveniles have underdevelopedRead MoreThe Impact Of Truant Behaviors In Schools1132 Words   |  5 Pageswho are most impacted by SB 1317, are parents and other stakeholders such as, schools, juvenile justice system and law enforcement. SB 1317, states that the families of truant youth are now being held responsible when a child is chronically truant (California Legislative Information , 2009). Furthermore, to help reduce youth delinquency, drug use and other criminal activities which involve the juvenile justice system, schools a re required to maintain efficient records of attendance ( U.S. DepartmentRead MoreLegaislative Process on a Bill962 Words   |  4 Pageshospital ‘bed tax’ in the healthcare arena to tackling landmark ethics reform, Georgia’s Legislature successfully passed with Governor Deal’s signature over 345 pieces of legislation as of Fall ’13. Most notably however, Georgia’s comprehensive Juvenile Justice Reform passed through both chambers of the GGA with relative ease despite its size and substance. Codified in 244 pages, House Bill 242’s triumph is a modern marvel in legislative collaboration, preparation, and execution. In the current climateRead MoreEssay Strategic Planning Analysis and Application1526 Words   |  7 PagesStrategic Planning Analysis and Application Tara E. Green Capella University PSF5410/Strategic Management and Planning Dr. Joan Vermillion August 19, 2012 Analyze what strategic planning is and why it is so important to public organizations. Strategic planning is an organizations process of defining its strategy, or direction, and making decisions on allocating its resources to pursue this strategy (Armstrong, 1986). In order to determine the direction of the organizationRead MoreCentral Approaches Underpinning The Youth Justice System1101 Words   |  5 Pagesconsideration of the central approaches underpinning the youth justice system in England and Wales, it is worth drawing attention to the system itself. Originally, the categories of adult and young offenders did not exist in the justice system, which prompted their uniform disposal and retribution. The nineteenth century witnessed a significant development in the area of the English criminal justice system with the realisation that juveniles could not accept full criminal responsibility for their deeds

Evolution of the dichotomy Self and Other Within American...

Evolution of the dichotomy Self and Other Within American History American’s culture has been a big influence for American literature; because it not only has serves writers to convey the lives of Americans ancestors, but also to express their thoughts and feelings. Furthermore, American literature shows the power exerted by the white Americans against African American slaves. The superiority of white Americans over blacks population forms part of American heritage and it is reflected in American literature. The â€Å"Narrative of The Life† by Olaudah Equiano, who witnesses the power that white Americans exert against people of color, not only presented his story to the reader so people could learn the reality about slavery, but also shows†¦show more content†¦Jefferson writing shows biases towards African Americans by making the blacks appear as objects that are incapable of thinking, besides of reflecting that they were considered a second class population. â€Å"Narrative of The Life†, by Frederic Douglass, also portrays the power of the whites against the blacks. Douglas shares with more detail one of his experiences of his journal as a slave, when he was under the power of Mr. Covey, in where he witnessed how he used a female slave as a breeder: â€Å"Mr. Covey bought her from Mr. Thomas Lowe†¦ she was a large, able-bodied woman, about twenty years old†¦after buying her, he hired a married man of Mr. Samuel Harrison, to kive with him one year, and hm he used to fasten up with her every night! The result was that at the end of the year, the miserable woman give birth to twins...the children were regarded as being and addition to [Mr. Covey’s] wealth. As in Equino’s and Jefferson writings, Douglas also talks about slavery, and the aversives situations he has to suffer under the power of Americans, who in this cases also treat them as animals that could breedShow MoreRelatedDeviance1701 Words   |  7 Pagesï » ¿ The Objective/Subjective Dichotomy Objectivism: Deviance as an Act The assumption that there is something inherent in a person, behavior or characteristic that is necessarily deviant Statistical Rarity If a behavior or characteristic is not typical, it is deviant. Harm If an action causes harm, then it is deviant. 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Not all owner-managers can be considered as entrepreneurs, nor are all small business entrepreneurial (Carland et al.,Read MoreEvolution of Public Administratpon5727 Words   |  23 PagesContents EVOLUTION OF PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION AS A DISCIPLINE AND ITS PRESENT  STATUS: 2 Historical Evolution: 6 PARADIGMS OF PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION: 9 Evolution of Public Administration 15 Period I (1887 – 1926) Public Administration Dichotomy : 15 Period II (1927 - 1937) Principles of Administration : 16 Period III (1938 – 1947) Era of Challenge : 17 Period IV (1948 - 1970)  Public Administration As Management: 17 Organizational development: 19 Period V(1971 - Continuing :PublicRead MoreGender Differences Between Men And Women1861 Words   |  8 Pagesrespective functions in society. Such movements insinuate that the objective of absolute equality between the sexes has been met, despite history presenting an entirely contrasting view of gender roles that have perpetuated inequality in the minds of mankind. In order for one to fully comprehend the continual battle that women have fought against the stereotypes that history has tried to allocate for them, a distinction must be made between the terms gender and sex. According to Monash University, â€Å"GenderRead MoreEssay on The American Civil War Was Inevitable1930 Words   |  8 PagesCivil War: one of the most pivotal and significant moments in the history of the United States of America. The dividing of a newly birthed nation upon itself - the turmoil created threatened to collapse a unified yearning for independence. A nation once united by the solace of solidarity, once tread on by the tyranny of a motherland, once triumphant in a fight for freedom, became segregated by principle. 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Market Development and Sales for Active Listening- myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theMarket Development and Sales for Active Listening. Answer: Critical thinking: Understanding the sales process Meaning of Active Listening Active listening can be termed as a process where the listener receives messages, then process them and finally respond to enhance or enable further communication. Figure: Effective Active Listening Components (Source: Armstrong et al., 2015) SIER Hierarchy of Active Listening Figure: SIER Hierarchy of Active Listening (Source: Berezhnoy et al., 2014) Sensing is the first hierarchy in the above model proposed that means active listening starts with hearing, sensing and receiving verbal as well as nonverbal aspects of the message. In this stage, much of attention and concentration is needed by the listener (Schmidt Farkas, 2016). Interpreting is the second hierarchy in the above model proposed. The scenario is after receiving the message, the sales person has the responsibility to interpret and give the idea a meaningful context. The experience, knowledge and attitude of the buyer need to positively kink with the verbal as well as non-verbal elements of the message. Evaluating is the third hierarchy in the above model proposed. Active listening properly takes place in this evaluation stage. Here, the receiver is in a position to sort fact from opinions. It is the responsibility of the receiver to evaluate the message based on its potency and weakness and how far it can be liked by the buyer or not. This particular stage takes into account both rational as well as expressive components (Homburg et al., 2017). Responding is the final stage in the hierarchy. The response help in providing feedback to the sender on how well the message was helpful and that support further communication between the two parties. Responding means enabling two-way communication that needs both the presence and contribution of buyer and receiver Key practices From SIER hierarchy model, it is now understood that how important active listening actually is in real case scenario. In order to become strong and effective listener in the sales process, it is necessary to hear the speaker first. Attempt should be made to listen 75% of time and speak 25% of time. Posture used while speaking should be show the other person that he or she is interested to start and continue with the conversation. Listening is a critical skill that needs to be understood by all adults (Santos et al., 2015). Listening is one of the tools that should be used to build or establish strong rapport during the sales process. Types of sales resistance The product selected in this category is mobile phones. The section will properly explain about objection faced by the salesperson from the customers when they just shows no interest to purchase that and how far attempts can be made to convince these types of customers. Company objection- Many customer objects by saying that they have not heard of the company of the mobile phone that are being offered by the salesperson (Bahadir, Bharadwaj Srivastava, 2015). Price is too high- One of the types of sales resistance takes place when customers object to purchase mobile phones by saying that the price is too much and they cannot afford this brand. Time or delaying- One of the types of sales resistance takes place when customers object purchase of the product by saying that they will purchase it next and delay it for some more days. By purchase of mobiles, delay is a big thing as trends and preferences are changing ach single day and if customers say they will purchase next time means that they have to look for any other new features in few days. Recommended approaches When any customers say that they have not head of the company or brand that the salesperson is talking about, then it is recommend to share facts and statistics on how reliable the mobile phones has been for other customers. It is even necessary to share the facts the buyer return rate had on the sale of mobile phones. When customers say that they cannot afford the mobile phones and need cheaper ones, then the salesperson should say and convince them that cheaper mobile phones will not be that effective and useful as compared to this one as it is worth paying this much money for its value. Facts and information should be shared about the mobile phones to the customers and even explain about the installment facility offered by the company (Arnett Wittmann, 2014). When customers say that they will come and purchase the mobile phones later, then it is recommended to inform the buyer that the next time they shop they will not get such a huge discount on these mobile phones (Johnston Marshall, 2016). The benefits need to be shared by the salesperson while making an attempt to convince the customer to purchase the mobile phone at that point of time. Reference List Armstrong, G., Kotler, P., Harker, M., Brennan, R. (2015).Marketing: an introduction. Pearson Education. Arnett, D. B., Wittmann, C. M. (2014). Improving marketing success: The role of tacit knowledge exchange between sales and marketing.Journal of Business Research,67(3), 324-331. Bahadir, S. C., Bharadwaj, S. G., Srivastava, R. K. (2015). Marketing mix and brand sales in global markets: Examining the contingent role of country-market characteristics.Journal of International Business Studies,46(5), 596-619. Berezhnoy, V. I., Berezhnaya, E. V., Shatalova, O. I., Gerasimov, A. N., Gromov, Y. I. (2014). Systematic and subsistential analysis of the conditions of stable development of local mono-product markets.Life Science Journal,11(8), 596-599. Homburg, C., Alavi, S., Rajab, T., Wieseke, J. (2017). The contingent roles of RDsales versus RDmarketing cooperation in new-product development of business-to-business firms.International Journal of Research in Marketing,34(1), 212-230. Johnston, M. W., Marshall, G. W. (2016).Sales force management: Leadership, innovation, technology. Routledge. Santos, A. R., Sales, A., Fernandes, P., Nichols, M. (2015, June). Combining challenge-based learning and scrum framework for mobile application development. InProceedings of the 2015 ACM Conference on Innovation and Technology in Computer Science Education(pp. 189-194). ACM. Schmidt, C. R., Farkas, F. (2016). The Profitability Puzzle: Integrating Sales and Product Development Improves Managements Ability to Control Future Profitability.STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT,21(4), 3-11

Financial Year Periods of Month Beginning

Question: Describe about the Financial Year for the Periods of Month Beginning. Answer: 1. 2014/15 Income year A financial year is a period of 12 months beginning 1st July every year (ss 4-1(1) and 995-1 ITAA97). The 2014/15 financial year started on 1st July 2014 to 30th June 2015. It is notable that you physically spent some days in Australia on this year. Therefore you will be submitted to the test of residency for the financial year 2014/15. There are four residency tests applied by the commissioner of tax to establish if a taxpayer is liable to income tax for a financial year or not. These tests are 183-day test, domicile, ordinary concept and superannuation test. The commissioner of tax has to satisfy only one out of these four tests to be declared as a residence of Australia and hence liable to income tax for the financial year. The above tests are discussed in this paper in depth to establish that you are not liable to income tax as a foreign residence in Australia for the financial year 2014/15. To begin with, it on record that you were physically present in the Australia for only 89 days during 2014/15 financial year and the rest were spent in England. You arrived on 1st February and left on 28th same month in the year 2015. Afterwards you came back on 1st may and stayed up to the end of 2014/15 financial year. This was as results of unavoidable tours back home to take care of your sick mother. The commissioner of tax will be satisfied that you dont qualify to be a residence of Australia for 2014/15 financial year under this 183 days test. Second, is the reside test that is based on the ordinary concepts to establish residence of an individual. It involves behavioural check on purpose of presence, location and maintenance of assets, employment or business ties and lastly social and living arrangements. It is notable that you had no other intention or living arrangements on the 2014/15 financial year. You were in Australia purposely for a job contract that you had been offered by an US based company for two year. It can be urged that you spared some of your furniture items that were valuable intending to use them on return. This shows that you had no intentions of extending your presence in Australia behold your contractual job. Furthermore, you didnt have any social ties that can be used to prove otherwise. In addition, you had no assets in Australia that can be used to show that you were planning to make Australia your abode. Therefore, the Commissioner of tax will not be able to sufficiently demonstrate routine or co ntinuity of behavior to prove the reside test. Thirdly is the domicile test which is meant to establish if an individual has his domicile in Australia. According to Domicile Act 1982 considerations of origin at birth and choice of a taxpayer to make Australia his or her domicile are considered in determining this test. This is applicable to Australians moving and working overseas and therefore not applicable to you as a foreigner who is an England nationalist by birth and choice till 30th June 2015. Lastly is the superannuation test that applies to commonwealth superannuation funds. Since you are not under any superannuation funds, you dont qualify to this category of test by default. In conclusion, am convinced behold doubts that you are not liable for income tax in Australia for the 2014/15 financial year. Haven stayed in Australia for only 89 days in a financial year cannot come closer to an individual being a residence under 183 days test. The domicile test is not applicable too to your case because you spent a very short period of time in Australia to make decisions on whether to make Australia a domicile or not. It is also impossible for the commissioner of tax to understand your behavioural traits during this financial year because of the short period of time that you spent in the country. So, the ordinary concepts test will not be applicable too .And the last superannuation test is not applicable to you since you arent a civil servant of a Commonwealth or under superannuation funds. It worth noted that out of the four tests for residency in Australia, there is non that will declare you residence of Australia for the 2014/15 financial year. Therefore, there is enough evidence to prove that you dont qualify to be an Australian residence for the 2014/15 financial year. 2015/16 Income year The 2015/16 financial year started on 1st July 2015 to 30th June 2016. It in records that you arrived in Australia last financial year after which you went back to London under unavoidable circumstances and back to Australia. Several other activities occurred during this financial year and will need to be put into context. Therefore, the scenario will need an in depth analysis to sufficiently prove or disapprove residency test in this financial year. The residency test will comprise 183 days test, residency test, domicile test and superannuation test. By observing the 183 days test, it happens that you spent exactly 183 days in Australia for the 2015/16 income year. You were in Australia on the first three and half months in the beginning of the financial year i.e. July, August, September and October. Then you flied back to London for six months. You came back to Australia on mid April 2016 till the end of the financial year on 30th June 2016. Following this account, you are not liable to income tax since the Act requires more than 183 days for an individual to be considered a residence of Australia in a specified year. Resides test uses ordinary concepts to establish if an individual is a residence for taxation in a specified financial year. This test will consider family or employment or business ties, purpose or intention of presence, location and maintenance of an asset and lastly the social and living arrangements by an individual while in Australia (Tax Ruling 98/17). It in records that you were in Australia for 183 days of 2015/16 financial year and the other half of the year in London elapsing sufficient time for the commissioner of tax to account on your stay. On August 2015, you bought a house in Sydney. You got married on 1st September creating a family tie and living arrangements in Australia. Being in married to Romeo, you changed your intentions and purpose of presence in the country. You also disclosed your love and will to stay in Australia indefinitely. Following these accounts, Commissioner of tax will be able to show that you created social and living arrangement, acquired assets, got family ties and your intentions to stay in Australia indefinitely. Therefore, he will be able to sufficiently demonstrate that you be considered a residence of Australia for the 2015/16 income year under resides test. The domicile test will be undertaken by Commissioner of tax to establish that though you moved oversees, you had abode in Australia. You got married to Romeo who is a permanent residence of Sydney and your intentions to stay in Australia indefinitely and being overseas didnt change your choice for Australia as your domicile. Since you were not planning to get another permanent home overseas, the Commissioner of tax will be able to satisfy that though you have been outside the country, you have not changed your domicile in Australia. The fourth and final test will be superannuation test which is not applicable to your case. You are in Australia as an employee contracted by a private company and therefore not related to commonwealth superannuation fund. In conclusion, it my pleasure to inform you that you will be liable to income tax in Australia for the 2015/16 financial year. This is because; the commissioner of tax will have sufficient evidence to demonstrate that you passed ordinary concepts test and domicile test. Though the commissioner will not be able to satisfy the other two tests, it stipulated in the Act that only one out of the four tests has to be established for the individual to be liable for tax in the concluded financial year. Therefore, you will be treated as a residence of Australia and be required to pay all your tax liabilities without failure. 2. Prime cost method Items declining in value; Stove $900 = 37.5 Hot water services $2000 = 83.3 Carpets $3500 =175 Furniture and fittings $5000 =187.5 Management commission; 5%$13900=$ 695 Rental property Statement For the year ended 30th June 2016 Gross Income $13,900 Deductions on Repair General repairs and maintenance $6000 Fixing broken front door $1000 Total Deductions on Repair $7000 Expenses Depreciation Stove $37.5 Hot water Service $83.3 Carpets $175 urniture and fittings $187.5 Management commission $695 Total expenses 1178.3 Taxable income $5721.7 2(b) Gross rent received for the current financial year is a very essential component to declare. Rent is referred to as a payment in exchange of use of someone else property for a specified agreed amount of time .It is an ordinary income (Adelaide Fruit and Produce Exchange Co v FCT ,1932). George has to show the Commissioner of tax the total amount received from the rental property. It is from this component that assessable income is calculated. George received $13900 for the whole year as the rental income. It is mandatory for George to disclose total income received because it the first step for taxable income computation. General repairs and maintenance are specific deductions that are included in the statement of rental property. These repairs have provisions in the income tax legislation and the taxpayer is offered a deduction for the cost incurred to repair an income generating capital. The expenses incurred were meant to restore the rental house functionality and therefore qualifies for deduction. These general repairs and maintenances were carried out in the course of a business that was income generating (s25-10). George incurred $1200 on general repairs and maintenance on his rental property and this amount is subject to deduction from the taxable income. Replacement of damaged fibro roof with long lasting color bond has been excluded in the statement of rental property. Replacing fibro roof involves replacement of the whole asset (roof) with another type of roof that is long lasting (color bond).This color bond roof is a capital expense and not deductable as stipulated in the Act (s25-10(3). Replacing with new longer lasting color bond improved the house surpassing the original roof (FCT v Western Suburbs Cinemas Ltd, 1952). George incurred $15000 on replacing damaged roof with a better color bond roof that is more durable. He is not entitled to repair deductions in this case because the expense will be deemed as a capital expense. The interpretation of the precedent FCT v Western Suburbs Cinemas Ltd(1952), placed into context that a repair should restore a defect by use of existing materials into functionality and not acquiring new items. New furniture and fittings are also excluded in the statement of rental property. According to section 25-10, these items are categorized as capital expense because they improve the facilities of the house. The new furniture enhanced the character of the property offering advancement to the existing property. George acquired new furniture and fitting for his rental house at $1200. This amount is a capital expense that he used to improve the rental property. This is not deductable from the assessable income. The act of repainting the front fence is not a repair expense and has been excluded in the statement of the rental property. Repainting is done to improve the existing paint of the wooden pickets to make them look better. The existing paint has no defect to be repainted but it the choice of George for the repainting to be carried out. For an item to be included for repair reduction, the property must be in need of restoration or have defects that require remedy for the property to work properly. George incurred $2500 to carry out repainting of the front fence. This amount is not recognized as deductible repairs because it meant to improve the property (s 25-10(3). Therefore it falls under category of capital expenditure on repairs. Fixing the broken door has been included in the list of items that will have repair deductions. The act of fixing involves remedy action to correct defects for the full functionality of the item. The door need to be fixed for the property to operate (Case J47(1958) . Therefore, fixing the door is a repair expense and will be deductable to the tax payers assessable income. George incurred $1000 to fix the broken door that was damaged. This amount is deductible from the assessable income because it is used to remedy the defects of an income generating property by restoring functionality Depreciation of assets has been included in the statement of rental property. Depreciation is a capital allowance deductible for the capital expenditure. The depreciating assets in the statement are stove, carpets, hot water service, furniture and fittings. These items have a limited effective life and do decline in value from the time they start to be used (s 40-30(1)). The declining value of the items in the above statement has been determined through prime method .When choosing a method of declining value of an item; caution has to be taken to avoid changing a method once it has been chosen or overstating base value because it can lead to fine if the commissioner of tax finds out (s 40-130). For instance, the use of furniture for one year will decline in value from the initial value due to tear and wear. Therefore it held that a taxpayer can claim deductions equal to depreciated value. For example, George will claim $175 for carpets while filling returns for the rental property. G eorge will also be offered deductions for capital allowances as follows; stove $37.5, hot water service $83.3, carpets $175, furniture and fittings $187.5. The management commission has been included in the statement of rental property as an expense. This commission represents the operation cost of running the rental property for the year. George is entitled to deduction of operating expense since taxable income is made up of net inflows of an investment. He has incurred $ 695 to pay the Honest Chris Real Estate for managing the property for the whole year. However, this amount is deducted from the taxable income. And finally is the taxable income. This is the amount that is subjected to the tax scale to obtain the tax payable by an individual or a business. It obtained by subtracting all the capital allowances and the expenses incurred in the financial year from the income received. George has a taxable income of $5721.7 after being allowanced capital deductions in form of depreciations and expenses he incurred in the financial year. This amount ($5721.7) will be subjected to the tax scale to realize Georges tax liability for the year. References Federal Court of Australia, Queensland District Registry: Jupiters Ltd v. Deputy Commissioner of Taxation. (2002). Gaming Law Review, 6(6), 571-576. Ford, H. (1959). Taxation in Australia. The American Journal Of Comparative Law, 8(2), 238. Haratsis, B. (1982). Property taxation in Australia. [Cambridge, Mass.]: Lincoln Institute of Land Policy. Gaudet, G. Lasserre, P. (1986). Capital income taxation, depletion allowances, and nonrenewable resource extraction. Journal Of Public Economics, 29(2), 241-253 McDonald, R. Western Australia 2007 Convention papers. Passant, J. Income Tax in Australia: From Appearance to Reality. SSRN Electronic Journal. https://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2365726 Lehmann, G. Coleman, C. (1989). Taxation law in Australia. Sydney: Butterworths. Raad, C. Alpert, H. (1993). Essays on international taxation. Deventer: Kluwer Law and Taxation Publishers. Economic Rent and Taxation - A Lawyer's Guide. SSRN Electronic Journal. https://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1987571 Parsons, R. (1985). Income taxation in Australia. Sydney: Law Book Co. Yates, J. (1994). IMPUTED RENT AND INCOME DISTRIBUTION. Rev Income Wealth, 40(1), 43-66. Law shipping Co Ltd v Inland Revenue Commissioner (1923). FCT v Western Suburbs Cinemas Ltd (1952) Guide to depreciation. (1996). Canberra. W Thomas Co Pty Ltd v FCT (1965) Mills, S. (1925). Taxation in Australia. London: Macmillan and Co. Australian income tax legislation 2011. (2011). North Ryde, N.S.W: CCH Australia. Prince, J. B. (2013). Tax for Australians for dummies: 2012-13 edition. Milton, Qld: Wiley Pub. Australia Pty Ltd.

Essay Topics On NYC From The 70s

Essay Topics On NYC From The 70sAn important part of any essay is its essay topics, which are usually chosen from subjects that are most prevalent and important in history. Today, there are many essay topics on NYC from the 1970s that can be used as a basis for an essay.The 1970s was a period of history when the city of New York changed forever. The city took center stage as a tourist destination for tourists who came to be fascinated by the architectural splendor of buildings that were built. There were new skyscrapers that started appearing, and in response, New Yorkers created art exhibitions, concerts, films, and other cultural events.In October of 1971, as America celebrated the tenth anniversary of the Vietnam War, the United States went into a period of civil unrest with the fall of the Berlin Wall. In response, the United States instituted major economic changes, including the closure of federal offices.One of the essays topics on NYC from the 70s that is actually relevant to day concerns the aftermath of the riots that occurred after September 11th. Although the city did not experience any major problems, the destruction caused by the attacks would remain with people for years to come. It was these events that led to drastic changes to the city, and many people believed that New York had become even more brutal than before.Another of the essay topics on NYC from the 70s concerns the election of Bill Clinton as President of the United States. This was an important election, and it became a very heated battle between the two parties, and they ran into fierce competition on the campaign trail.Although the election did not end up being close, the tension brought out the best in essay topics on NYC from the 70s. Both parties were vying for the support of their supporters, and at times, they were even seen acting in a menacing manner, such as one of the groups who performed a dance at a Hillary Clinton rally.The culture of New York City also made some major c hanges in the essay topics from the 70s. Art galleries opened up, bringing together a number of famous artists who became known as the Harlem Renaissance, which emphasized the rich diversity of the African-American community.A third of the essay topics on NYC from the 70s focus on the influx of immigrants that came to the city from Asia, bringing with them a variety of different languages and cultures. Today, many Americans have lost their heritage due to the large waves of immigrants that have been welcomed into the country.

The Ancient Maya Essay Research Paper The free essay sample

The Ancient Maya Essay, Research Paper The Maya of Mesoamerica, along with the Aztecs of Mexico and the Incas of Peru, made up the high civilisations of the American Indians at the clip of the Spanish conquering. Both the Aztecs and the Incas were late civilisations, between 1300-1533 AD, but the Maya of the Yucatan and Guatemala exhibited a cultural continuity crossing more than 2,000 old ages, 1000 BC-AD 1542. Many facets of this civilization continue yet today. The Ancient Maya in their clip had really refined authorship. They had an extended written linguistic communication, which was both phonic every bit good as ideographic. One of merely five independently created composing systems in human history. Maya words were in hieroglyphs, each image with its ain significance. Unlike other ancient Cardinal American civilisations, the Maya could compose in words, sentences, and even narratives. Arranging several images together in a logical signifier would make a narrative. We will write a custom essay sample on The Ancient Maya Essay Research Paper The or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The Maya covered their metropoliss and edifices with hieroglyphs carved into the rock. Most of the Maya could read some hieroglyphs, but the priests and Lords were the lone people who really had cognition of the full linguistic communication. The Maya would besides usage quills made of turkey plumes to compose in books made of soft bark taken from a type of fig tree. Religion was the centre of the Mayan life. Mayans believed that there were two degrees of the universe. The first degree was the physical universe and the second was the religious universe, which consisted of the old dead ascendants, Gods, and other supernatural animals. The Mayan male monarchs and religious leaders would state the lower degrees of the society what would delight the Gods. The Gods were modeled after animate beings for sacrificial intents and spiritual ceremonials. The antediluvian Maya had many beliefs. They had possessed an in deepness apprehension of uranology, technology, and mathematics. The Maya believed that the Sun, Moon, and other planets, had been journeys of the Gods. The Mayan priests studied their measuring of clip. The Maya had a calendar with 18 months each incorporating 20 yearss, plus 5 luckless yearss that made up the Mayan twelvemonth. They besides had a spiritual calendar that had 260 yearss in it. Each twenty-four hours was given a name and a figure. They believed that each twenty-four hours was a God that carried the weight of the twenty-four hours on its dorsum. The Mayan civilisation in all phases has been based on agribusiness. Indian maize or corn was domesticated from a wild grass in cardinal Mexico about 7,000 old ages ago and sustained most sedentary Indian civilisations from that clip. In the humid countries, a excess of H2O and rapid growing of trees and vines encouraged the slash-and-burn agriculture method. The husbandman cleared the corn field by cutting shrubs and deadening the trees, us ually near the terminal of the rainy season, leting the piled coppice to dry under the hot Sun of the dry season. It is known that the Mayas enjoyed cocoa. They had it in many signifiers from a bubbling drink to a pulpy pulp. The Mayas referred to chocolate as The Drink of the Gods. They had other nutrient such as Indian meal, corn, black beans, roasted meat, coney fret, Meleagris gallopavo and other meats. Many people chewed of the foliages of the Manilkara zapota tree as a gum-like substance. The Mayan civilization had many humanistic disciplines, such as dance, music and vesture. They had more than 5,000 dances and loved music. Dancing was a immense portion of spiritual ceremonials. Musicians played wooden flutes and huntsmans horns made of wood, seashells, or clay, and membranophones made from turtle shells. For dressing the work forces would hold worn an ex ( marked eh-sh ) which is a loincloth. The adult females would have on loose sack-like frocks. The apparels of the Lords and priests were made up of finer stuffs and had many shells and beads on them. For ceremonials they would have on beautiful headgears for spiritual intents. As for beauty, the Mayans had a sense of beauty that would be seen as horrid in our present society. They practiced skull distortion by binding boards to the brow of newborn kids. They besides had filed their dentitions down to a point and so placed jade into the holes. The Maya had besides traded their ownerships for many things such as gold, Cu, jade, cotton, salt, plumes, and chocolate tree. These are all illustrations of art to the Maya. The Maya were an unbelievable civilisation. Cipher knows precisely why the imperium had fallen. Maybe it was when the provincials got ill of the priests stating them what to make and had abandoned small towns, doing the prostration. At any rate, there were many interesting facts that were non covered here. Here now are a few illustrations. During drouths, the Mayans would eat pets to last, and the Maya were the first people in the New World to maintain historical records, and that a jurisprudence stated that Mayan work forces would hold to get married by the clip that they were 20. The adult females would besides had to be wed at a immature age, normally around the age of 16. There are many fantastic facts about the Maya civilization because of the clip that they were about was rather long. As you see, I highlighted many facts about the Maya, including their authorship, beliefs, faith, agribusiness, humanistic disciplines, and other interesting facts. The Maya were an interesting civilisation and go on to exhibit their unusual but fantastic beliefs yet today. The mayan people had accomplished many things that few other antediluvian civiliations have accomplished, including their ablility to write, have a good comprehension of uranology, and still last the changing universe for many old ages. 327

Andrew Jackson Essays - Cherokee Nation, Andrew Jackson, Free Essays

Andrew Jackson Essays - Cherokee Nation, Andrew Jackson, Free Essays Andrew Jackson Like any hall of fame, its inductees are the best in whatever they do, from baseball or football to something like being President. If you are a member of any hall of fame (including the one for the Presidents), it means that you have done something special or have a certain quality about yourself that makes you worthy to be in a hall of fame. My nominee for the Presidents hall of Fame is our seventh President of the United States, Andrew Jackson. I'll go over his presidency, focusing on both the highs and the lows of his two terms in office, from 1829-1837. The issues that I'll focus on are states' rights, nullification, the tariff, the spoils system, Indian removal and banking policies; these controversies brought forth strong rivalry over his years of president. He was known for his iron will and fiery personality, and strong use of the powers of his office that made his years of presidency to be known as the "Age of Jackson." Andrew Jackson was born on March 15, 1767, in a settlement on the border of North and South Carolina. He was orphaned at age 14. After studying law and becoming a member of the Bar in North Carolina later he moved to Nashville Tennessee. Their he became a member of a powerful political faction led by William Blount. He was married in 1791 to Rachel Donelson Robards, and later remarried to him due to a legal mistake in her prior divorce in 1794. Jackson served as delegate to Tenn. in the 1796 Constitutional convention and a congressman for a year (from 1796-97). He was elected senator in 1797, but financial problems forced him to resign and return to Tennessee in less than a year. Later he served as a Tennessee superior court judge for six years starting in 1798. In 1804 he retired from the bench and moved to Nashville and devoted time to business ventures and his plantation. At this time his political career looked over. In 1814 Jackson was a Major General in the Tennessee Militia, here he was ordered to march against the Creek Indians (who were pro-British in the war of 1812). His goal was achieved at Horseshoe Bend in March of 1814. Eventually he forced All Indians from the area. His victory's impressed some people in Washington and Jackson was put in command of the defense of New Orleans. This show of American strength made Americans feel proud after a war filled with military defeats. Jackson was given the nickname "Old Hickory", and was treated as a national hero. In 1817 he was ordered against the Seminole Indians. He pushed them back into Spanish Florida and executed two British subjects. Jackson instead that his actions were with approval of the Monroe administration. His actions helped to acquire the Florida territory, and he became a provisional governor of Florida that same year. In 1822 the Tennessee Legislature nominated him for president and the following year he was elected the U.S. senate. He also nearly won the presidential campaign of 1824 however as a result of the "corrupt bargain" with Henry Clay. Over the next four years the current administration built a strong political machine with nationalistic policies and a lack of concern of states rights. In 1828 through a campaign filled with mud slinging on both sides, Andrew Jackson became the seventh President to the United States. Instead of the normal cabinet made up by the president, he relied more on an informal group of newspaper writers and northern politicians who had worked for his election. I believe that this made him more in contact with the people of the United States, more in contact with the public opinion and feelings toward national issues. President Jackson developed the system of "rotation in office." This was used to protect the American people from a development of a long-standing political group by removing long-term office holders. His enemies accused him of corruption of civil service for political reasons. However, I think that it was used to insure loyalty of the people in his administration. States rights played an important part in Jackson's policy's as president. In the case of the Cherokee Indians vs. The State of Georgia,

Bipolar Disorder Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Bipolar Disorder - Essay Example A patient may experience high moments in life that is indicated in extreme joy and energy. On the other hand, the patient may undergo low moments that manifest in depression. However, depression is indicated by symptoms that stay for long and influence an individual’s daily tasks. Generally depression is a mood illness triggered by an incorporation of environmental, biological, genetic and psychological aspects. Depression influences the body and mind-affecting physical, feelings, and behavior and thoughts states. A patient with bipolar disorder faces mood swings that manifest in feelings of loneliness, helplessness, weakness, sadness and depression. The tell signs and symptoms of depression include lack of interest in hobbies, feeling irritable and sad. The illness can also inhibit eating and sleep, can be the root for unexplained stomachaches and headaches. Depression can also result to aspiration to be alone, aggression, quarrelsome conduct that put pressure on relationship s with friends and families. The illness also interferes with the ability of the individual to recall events and concentration which affects the academic performance. In other cases patients have ideas of committing suicide or death (Leonard & Jovinelly, 2012). All these symptoms are different for various people. From the mentioned symptoms, the patient in question suffers from bipolar disorder as per her high and low moods as witnessed by the family. The mentioned patient developed a depressed mood over a period of one week, thus is not suffering from major depression as in major depression the signs and symptoms persist for a minimum of two weeks and above (Moragne, 2011). To treat bipolar disorder, bio-psychosocial approach is used. The patient has to be enrolled in a comprehensive case management program where he/she will access care, receive evidence-based pharmacotherapy and psychoeducation. Moreover, the family is to take part in this treatment program so that each

Biography of Ethnic Fashion Designer - Ritu Kumar Essay

Biography of Ethnic Fashion Designer - Ritu Kumar - Essay Example The paper "Biography of Ethnic Fashion Designer - Ritu Kumar" talks about the Ritu Kumar's biography. She completed her graduation from Delhi Irwin collage in 1964. She had the nature of keen observation in understanding the life. This quality further helped her to take keen interest in artistic work. She accomplished her higher education from USA in 1966. She started her career with hand block printers and two tables in a small village of Calcutta, to display her art. She enhanced her network with the passage of time in order to keep pace with the latest trends of fashion designing. She has also hit the European market by launching new fashion variety of indo-western range. This new trend attracted many foreign buyers. Her worth deserving achievements include wardrobe for Miss India for further participation in miss world and miss universe contests. Ritu’s work in the fields of garment and related accessories in silk, cotton and leather made her an eminent designer in India. The well-reputed designer launched Zardozi collection in Delhi in1985. Zardozi was introduced for the first time in India but response was exceptional. Now Zardozi technique is being widely used in India. She also proved that hand made products are more profitable than machine products. Evening gowns are one of the highly praised creations of Ritu kumar in European market. The designer was awarded with the lifetime achievement award by national institute of fashion technology in 1998. A lady naming famina participated in Miss India contest 2002.

Case Study Wal-Mart Essay Example for Free

Case Study Wal-Mart Essay Evaluate the general environment of Wal-Mart using the framework in Chapter 2. What are the key opportunities and threats facing Wal-Mart? (This is the OT of a SWOT analysis)Wal-Marts builds its stores in towns with a population size of 5000-25,000 people. Wal-Mart has recently started to tap into the more populated city suburbs by building smaller less obtrusive stores in those regions. Wal-Mart targets every age group from infants to senior citizens. Wal-Marts geographically places its stores in rural less populated areas with very few employment opportunities. Wal-Mart tries to attract all income levels by selling brand name items along with generic brand items. Wal-Mart approaches its global market by evaluating market potential based on economic and political risk, growth potential, and availability of real estate for development. In countries that had became saturated Wal-Mart used acquisitions to acquire ownership. In markets that were not saturated and land was easily accessible Wal-Mart used organic growth. The technology that Wal-Mart uses to run their business is unmatched. They have a network of satellites that can track a person purchase and automatically refurbish those items from suppliers without any human intervention. Wal-Mart maximizes efficiency by using effective technology to gain a competitive advantage. Wal-Mart has grown into a global empire and has become the world largest private employer and the number one retailer in the world. Despite all of this success Wal-Mart still has a huge opportunity to grow. Wal-Mart continues to adapt to the ever-changing economy by remodeling their store and by placing the customer as their number one priority. Wal-Mart took advantage of its rural locations early on and gained a significant competitive advantage, now Wal-Mart is taking on the urban environment by placing stores in the outskirts of major metropolitan areas. At first local residents rejected the idea of having a Wal-Mart in their neighborhood for fear it would drive down property value and unwanted individuals to their suburbanite neighborhood. Wal-Mart quickly resolved this problem by changing the format and size of their stores located in these regions. The only threats to Wal-Mart faces are mostly from within (eg..) lawsuits employee disputes and the threat to become unionized. Use Porters Five Forces Model to analyze the global retailing industry. Given this analysis, is the industry attractive or unattractive? Support  your decision. Wal-Mart is a huge threat to new entrants. Wal-Mart has created huge barriers to new entries by offering one stop shopping. Wal-Marts Super Centers offer everything from prepared meals to sports gear. Grocery chains have taken a huge hit because of this, even Kmart is feeling the heat, there stock hit rock bottom in 2004. The discount clothing and apparels have also taken a bite from this retail giant. Wal-Mart has produced a very proficient economy of scale from incremental improvements that they have acquired since becoming so large. Manufactures scramble to try and keep up with the huge demand that Wal-Mart places on its suppliers, this further reduces the prices of goods and services for their customers. Small-scale entries are nearly impossible in a region where Wal-Mart is located. Large-scale entries face the retaliation factor when trying to tap into Wal-Marts market because suppliers are forced to do things the Wal-Mart way. Wal-Mart has successfully customized many of their products and forced manufactures have been forced to produce the Wal-Mart brand. Wal-Mart has taken total control of the bargaining power of suppliers. Wal-Mart has a small group of buyers based in Bentonville Arkansas thats in charge of managing the purchasing of all retail stores. Wal-Mart is responsible for selling 35% of all pet food, 24% of all toothpaste, the largest volume of jewelry, groceries, DVDs, CDs, toys, guns, diapers, sporting goods, bedding, and numerous other things. This has put the retail giant in a very favorable negotiating position with suppliers. Wal-Mart has generated a huge market of loyal buyers by supplying them with the lowest possible prices for quality products. With Wal-Mart having such a huge share of the market and good prices there is no need for buyers to seek deals elsewhere. Wal-Mart has proven to be a huge threat of substitute products in several industries for example the jewelry industry, Wal-Mart has become one of the leading jewelry dealers in the North America. Wal-Mart has also created its own brand name for several of its items that have been so successful that manufactures are forced to produce products bearing the Wal-Mart brand. Wal-Mart competitors have to be very calculated with their responses because Wal-Mart is so large it can really drive a business under ground (Kmart). What is Wal-Marts business-level strategy? Is the strategy appropriate to offset the forces in the industry? Do you recommend any changes? If not, support your decision why you would not recommend any changes. Wal-Mart uses Integrated Lost Leadership/Differentiation Strategy. Wal-Mart has offset the forces in the industry by creating the most efficient supply chain in the industry. Efficient production has allowed Wal-Mart to keep cost low and pass own saving to its customers. Wal-Mart has successfully used Integrated Cost Leadership/Differentiation Strategy by setting the pace in new technology and adapting quickly to new technologies in their external environment. Concentration on the needs of its core customers (discount retailers), Wal-Mart has created a friendly family environment thats economically smart and beneficial to its patrons. Flexibility is one of Wal-Marts strongest assets, which allows them to complete primary and support activities in ways that allow them to produce somewhat differentiated products at a low cost. I would not personally recommend any changes to this strategy because it has made Wal-Mart the worlds largest retailer. What is your evaluation of the leadership at Wal-Mart?Wal-Mart has become the most successful business in the world through its un-yielding leadership. Mr. Walton has laid the foundation for success for years to come. The leaders at Wal-Mart focus on providing the customer with the highest possible quality at the lowest possible cost. They have redefined the retail industry with their cutting edge technology and flexibility that is un-matched by any competitor. The fact that upper management travel in economy class shows a lot about the character within the organization. The leadership at Wal-Mart has made the world we live in much smaller through economic availability and convenience. The leaders at Wal-Mart are a true example of profit through customer satisfaction. Works Cited Hitt, M., Ireland, R., Hoskisson, R. (2007), Strategic Management, Competitiveness andGlobalization: Concepts and Cases. 7th ed. Mason: Thomson South-Western(August 21, 2006). Global Labor Strategies: Wal-Mart: The Homefront. RetrievedSeptember 18, 2007,